The Jewish Champions of the Persecuted Church

The Christian life is not easy. In fact, God’s Word promises that we must face many troubles.

In the world you will have tribulation (John 16:33).

Share with me in the sufferings for the gospel (2 Timothy 1:8).

You therefore must endure hardship as a good soldier of Jesus Christ (2:3).

Richard and Sabina Wurmbrand provide a powerful example of persevering through trials. They knew that “the sufferings of this present time are not worthy to be compared with the glory which shall be revealed in us” (Romans 8:18). Their story of faithful service in the face of imprisonment, torture, and death has inspired hearts to action around the world.

Building the Underground Church

Sabina and Richard Wurmbrand

Sabina and Richard Wurmbrand

Richard was born in 1909 in Bucharest, Romania, while Sabina was born in 1913 in the Austro-Hungarian city of Czernowitz that became Romanian territory after World War I, both to Jewish families. The two met and married in 1936, and together, they soon came to know Jesus as their Savior while vacationing in the mountains. 

After dedicating their lives to serve God as evangelists, the Wurmbrands were soon forced to endure the brutality of World War II and the Holocaust. As the Nazis began to occupy Romania, Sabina and Richard risked their lives to save Jewish children from dying in the ghettos. Richard and Sabina were repeatedly arrested for their rescue work and Bible teaching in bomb shelters and suffered the death of many loved ones during this time. But their passion for the Lord’s work was not extinguished. 

As the Nazis began to occupy Romania, Sabina and Richard risked their lives to save Jewish children from dying in the ghettos.

Communist Russia seized power in Romania after the war, seeking to hijack churches for its own evil purposes. But Richard and Sabina retooled their ministry to reach oppressed Romanians and Russian soldiers alike. They smuggled goods and foods to refugees, sheltered Christians, and distributed Christian literature to soldiers at the risk of deportation. They organized Christian camps and conducted street meetings that drew as many as 5,000 people at a time, and they built a church with more than 1,000 Jewish-Christian members.

Tortured for Christ

But their courage came at great personal cost. Richard was arrested in 1948 and spent three years in solitary confinement, seeing only the soldiers that continually beat and tortured him. During this time, Sabina was left alone with her young son, but she continued the couple’s inspirational work, serving the persecuted church.

She was arrested in 1951 and spent three years in prisons and slave labor camps while her young son lived on the streets. Upon her release, she returned to several years of house arrest.

During this time, the Communists challenged Sabina’s faith severely. In exchange for divorcing Richard and renouncing her faith, they promised to free her. When she refused, they claimed her husband had died in prison.

Richard had spent eight years in prison by the time he was released. He immediately picked up where he left off, furthering his forbidden ministry work. Shortly after, he was arrested again and handed a 25-year prison sentence. Remaining faithful to the Lord, Richard was released by amnesty in 1964 and welcomed by his devoted wife, who had never lost faith in the Lord or in her husband’s return. After 14 years of imprisonment and torture, Richard was free.

Knowing their lives were at risk if they stayed in Romania, the family soon immigrated to the United States, where Richard shared his stories of persecution that soon covered newspapers read all over America, Europe, and Asia.

An Enduring, Godly Legacy

Together, Richard and Sabina founded Jesus to the Communist World, now known as The Voice of the Martyrs (VOM), the renowned missionary organization that serves the persecuted church and persecuted Christians around the world. In building the ministry, they established an extensive network to reach persecuted and imprisoned Christians and their families in Islamic and Communist nations. 

As many Christians are still killed daily in the Middle East and parts of Africa, VOM continues the Wurmbrands’ work, bringing physical and spiritual aid to the persecuted church.

Richard and Sabina carried out their work for decades after founding VOM. Sabina passed away in 2000, and Richard joined her in heaven six months later. As many Christians are still killed daily in the Middle East and parts of Africa, VOM continues the Wurmbrands’ work, bringing physical and spiritual aid to the persecuted church.

God authored an unforgettable story through the lives of two Jewish Christians who committed their lives to His service. Through imprisonment, torture, and the horrors of the Holocaust, Richard and Sabina glorified God in the most difficult circumstances imaginable. Their testimony lives on through the work of VOM and the bold witness of hundreds of millions of persecuted Christians risking their lives for the Lord today.

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A One Minute to Midnight Moment

Have you ever had a one minute to midnight moment? Such a moment comes when a person is faced with a life-changing decision.

The phrase one minute to midnight originated with the Doomsday Clock, a representation of how close the world is to global catastrophe as a result of our own technological and scientific advancements and geopolitical conflicts. Today, the clock is set at 90 seconds to midnight—the closest to destruction we have ever been since the clock’s inception—as we inch closer and closer to one minute to midnight. Scripture is filled with one minute to midnight moments. For instance, King David had such a moment when he stood face to face with the mighty Goliath with only a slingshot and five smooth stones. Moses’ moment came after serving as a shepherd for 40 years and, holding his staff, telling Pharaoh “let my people go.” Daniel’s moment came when he was thrown into a pit of hungry lions. Each of them confronted and overcame danger by the grace of God.

Esther’s One Minute to Midnight Moment

The Shushan palace of the Medo-Persian King “Ahasuerus who reigned over one hundred and twenty-seven provinces, from India to Ethiopia” (Esther 1:1) was an unlikely place for a Jewish girl to be queen. But God had a divine plan. Indeed, Queen Esther faced a one minute to midnight moment when she had to decide whether to keep her Jewish identity hidden from her husband, the king, thus allowing her people to perish or to face her own death and confess her identity to Ahasuerus (Xerxes I), hoping he somehow would change his mind. But then she received a chilling message from her cousin Mordecai:

Do not think in your heart that you will escape in the king’s palace any more than all the other Jews. For if you remain completely silent at this time, relief and deliverance will arise for the Jews from another place, but you and your father’s house will perish. Yet who knows whether you have come to the kingdom for such a time as this? (4:13–14).

What would she do? How did this moment come about?  

The Jewish Girl Crowned Queen

Before Esther left her home, Mordecai told her to tell no one she was Jewish.

Let’s rewind in the book of Esther: The Jewish people were exiles in Babylon. The opportunity to return to their homeland was not met with great enthusiasm, and only about 50,000 returned. “Now it came to pass” that to show off “the riches of his glorious kingdom and the splendor of his excellent majesty,” Ahasuerus threw a party to end all parties, lasting six months (1:4). He invited his wife Vashti to display her beauty (v. 11), but she refused, shaming Ahasuerus, who immediately began looking for a new wife. 

As these things were happening in the palace, elsewhere in Shushan lived “a certain Jew” (2:5) named Mordecai. He had raised his cousin Hadassah (Esther), “for she had neither father nor mother” (v. 7). The search for a queen was advertised throughout the kingdom, and the strikingly beautiful Esther volunteered to go into “the house of the women” (v. 9). 

Before Esther left her home, Mordecai told her to tell no one she was Jewish (v. 10). She lived in the king’s house a full year, bathing in oil of myrrh and perfumes to prepare her for the one night she would spend with Ahasuerus (v. 12). That night would decide her fate. She would either become queen or be relegated to the king’s harem forever.

When the time came for Esther to go to the king, the Scripture says, “The king loved Esther more than all the other women, and she obtained grace and favor in his sight” (v. 17). Esther, the stealthy Jewish girl, became the new queen of Persia.

Face to Face With Death

As a result, Mordecai landed a new job sitting “within the king’s gate” (v. 21), a place of honor and influence. Haman, one of the king’s chief officials, was also promoted, and thus due homage by everyone at the king’s gate (3:2). Mordecai refused, causing Haman to become “filled with wrath” (v. 5) to the point that he not only wanted Mordecai dead, but also “sought to destroy all the Jews” (v. 6).

A highly motivated Haman came to the king to negotiate a deal Ahasuerus could not refuse. He promised to put 10,000 talents of silver into the treasury if the king would agree to get rid of “a certain people” (Jews) whose “laws are different from all other people’s, and [who] do not keep the king’s laws” (v. 8). The king agreed to Haman’s proposal, gave Haman his signet ring, and let him issue the decree (v. 12).

Written in Ahasuerus’s name, the decree called for Jewish destruction, “both young and old, little children and women, in one day, on the thirteenth day of the twelfth month, . . . Adar” (v. 13). Persian law emphatically stated that once a law was enacted, not even the king could change it (Daniel 6:8). This seemed a death sentence for all the Jewish people in the kingdom unless there was some sort of intervention.

This was Esther’s one minute to midnight moment. She became queen “for such a time as this” (Esther 4:13).

This was Esther’s one minute to midnight moment. She became queen “for such a time as this” (Esther 4:13). What could she do? If she went to the king without an invitation, he could put her to death immediately. But if she stayed silent, her people would be without hope.

Providential Deliverance

Though the word prayer is not mentioned in the book of Esther, it does say Esther fasted (4:16), a very common act among Jewish people in Old Testament times (cf. Ezra 8:21–23; Psalm 109:21–24; Daniel 9:3). Undoubtedly this time of fasting brought clarity in deciding what to do (Esther 4:16). She did go into the king and reveal her identity, ultimately resulting in the rescue of the Jewish people.

No miracles or divine intervention are mentioned, but we do see an abundance of providence. This book is a testament to the truth of Romans 8:38: “All things work together for good to those who love God.” God is providential in His control and works supernaturally through natural means. His unseen hand is behind every detail and ironic twist of “fate.”

God was not caught off guard. We see the truth of Proverbs 21:1: “The king’s heart is in the hand of the Lᴏʀᴅ, like rivers of water: He turns it wherever He wishes.”

And it seems Esther’s spirit was also prepared when she approached the king unannounced:

For the Lᴏʀᴅ gives wisdom; from His mouth come knowledge and understanding; He stores up sound wisdom for the upright; He is a shield to those who walk uprightly; He guards the paths of justice, and preserves the way of His saints. Then you will understand righteousness and justice, equity and every good path (2:6–9).

We will always face dilemmas in life. Seeking the Lord for wisdom through prayer is never a mistake. Be prepared for your own one minute to midnight moment: “If any of you lacks wisdom, let him ask of God, who gives to all liberally and without reproach, and it will be given to him” (James 1:5). As the apostle Paul wrote,

Be anxious for nothing, but in everything by prayer and supplication, with thanksgiving, let your requests be made known to God; and the peace of God, which surpasses all understanding, will guard your hearts and minds through Christ Jesus (Philippians 4:6–7).

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The Social Worker Who Saved Thousands of Jewish Children

If you’ve ever set foot in Yad Vashem, the World Holocaust Remembrance Center in Jerusalem, you’ve been moved by some of the most tragic stories in human history. Here, the millions of Jewish lives lost in the horrors of the Holocaust are honored with great dignity; and their memory lives on with the stories told within these walls.

Even in the shadow of devastating genocide, hope springs eternal at Yad Vashem. If you find yourself at the museum, take some time to walk through the Garden of the Righteous, which commemorates the Righteous Among the Nations—Gentiles who risked their lives to save Jewish people from the Holocaust. 

You might recognize a few of the heroes remembered there. And you may have heard the name or seen the face of a Polish social worker, but you might not know how she saved thousands of Jewish children from death at the hands of the Nazis. This is the story of Irena Sendler, a Gentile who was truly righteous among the nations.

Sneaking In, Smuggling Out

A native of Warsaw, Poland, Sendler was a dedicated social worker early in her career. When World War II began, the 29-year-old Sendler worked for the Welfare Department of Warsaw. After Germany forced 400,000 Jewish people into a 1.3-square-mile ghetto in Warsaw in October 1940, Sendler turned her full focus to helping the needy, persecuted Jewish people trapped in the ghetto.

Irena Sendler

Irena Sendler (Poland) on Christmas Eve of 1944. Image: Wikimedia Commons

As a central activist in the newly created Council for Aid to Jews (Żegota), Sendler took care of the Jewish people seeking shelter and medical care. She quickly was appointed head of Żegota’s Children’s Bureau and began to rescue Jewish refugees by clever means. 

Using her position as a social worker, Sendler shrewdly obtained a permit with the cover story of a worker coming to inspect the sanitary conditions. She then smuggled food, clothing, and medicine into the ghetto to provide relief to those inside while simultaneously smuggling Jewish children out. She entered the ghetto day by day for 18 months and always left with a child in her protection.

She entered the ghetto day by day for 18 months and always left with a child in her protection.

Her methods of extraction included leading children through underground passages; concealing them in potato sacks, garbage bags, or coffins; and sending them in and out of a church, city court, and the cellars of houses that bordered the edge of the ghetto. When escorting sick children out of the ghetto by ambulance, she hid other children within the vehicle. She kept a dog with her, which would bark when her vehicle approached the Nazis, drowning out the children’s noises to help them avoid detection.

Once the children escaped the ghetto, Sendler hid them in orphanages, schools, hospitals, convents, and homes. She set the children up with new identities while using a code to list their real names and placements to help their relatives find and reunite with them. 

Sentenced to Death

But Sendler could not outrun the deadly Gestapo (the German secret state police) forever, as they arrested her in October 1943 after discovering her actions. Moments before her arrest, thinking quickly, she had tossed a package containing the list of the identities of the Jewish children she saved out the window to a waiting friend, who kept the list out of enemy hands. 

The Nazis brutally tortured her, permanently crippling her by breaking her legs and feet; yet she bravely protected the Jewish refugees’ identities, refusing to divulge any information about them or their whereabouts. So the Gestapo sentenced her to death. But Żegota members bribed a Gestapo agent, securing her escape in February 1944. 

A Legacy of Heroism

Despite her brush with death and the danger of returning to Żegota, she committed to continuing her relief work. She went to work as a nurse and assumed a new identity as Klara Dąbrowska. The German authorities watched her closely, but she secretly continued to save children with Żegota. 

By the time the Allies liberated Warsaw in January 1945, Żegota was credited with saving more than 2,500 Jewish children, thanks largely to Sendler’s sacrificial efforts. She continued her efforts by working to locate and reunite the children she saved with their surviving family members. She arranged for those left without family, the majority of the children, to be adopted or placed in foster homes.

“Every child saved with my help is the justification of my existence on this earth, and not a title to glory.”

We recognize Sendler as a hero, yet her humility would not allow her to see herself that way. “I could have done more,” she once said. “This regret will follow me to my death. Every child saved with my help is the justification of my existence on this earth, and not a title to glory.”

Yad Vashem awarded Sendler with the Righteous Among the Nations medal and designation in 1965 for her heroic efforts in saving thousands of children. She passed away in 2008 at the age of 98.

Sendler’s story isn’t often told, but it should be. Her phenomenal courage and perseverance in saving lives from death while risking her own speaks to us as a memorial of her efforts and an inspiration for us today. Though we may not be in a position to save lives from a warzone, we are called to stand with and love the Jewish people wherever we are and however we can now.

If you ever see Sendler’s name listed in the Garden of the Righteous Among the Nations on a visit to Yad Vashem, you’ll now know why she is remembered as a Gentile hero in the eyes of the Jewish people.

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The Right Choice: A Devotional on Matthew 16:26

Jim Elliot and his four companions Nate Saint, Roger Youdarian, Ed McCully, and Pete Fleming became known for their martyrdom in seeking to reach the Huaorani (then called Auca) people with the gospel. Following their deaths, Jim Elliot’s wife, Elisabeth, stated that they died doing what God had called them to do. To preach the gospel to those who had never heard.

His death while seeking to take the gospel to those who had never heard certainly matched the motive of his prayer for God’s work: “Lord, fill preachers and preaching with power. How long dare we go without tears; without moral passion; hatred and love. Not long, I hope Lord Jesus, not long.”

Raised in a Plymouth Brethren assembly and after attending Wheaton College, Jim went to Ecuador as a missionary to reach the Auca Indians. On October 28, 1949, he penned the words in his diary that have become almost as well known as the Bible. He said, “He is no fool who gives up what he cannot keep for what he cannot lose.” One has observed, “Elliot didn’t write his famous quote to improve a sermon, or because he signed a book deal with a Christian publisher––he wrote those words flowing for a deep affection for Christ.”

He illustrates the truth Jesus gave in Matthew 16:26, “For what profit is it to a man if he gains the whole world, and loses his own soul? Or what will man give in exchange for his soul?” He gave his life for a tribe to hear of his Savior. He made the right choice. He gave his life so others could hear about his Savior. Ultimately the deaths of these five men led the Auca/Huaorani people to the Savior, and spawned a major missions movement as hundreds followed the words and example to give up what they cannot keep for what they cannot lose to take the gospel around the world.

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Jim Elliott made the right choice. May we also make that choice, by  learning the value of giving up what we cannot keep, to gain what we cannot lose.

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William Wilberforce : The Slave’s Hero, Israel’s Friend: Part Two

Soon after his meeting with Newton, Wilberforce wrote in his journal, “God Almighty has placed before me two great objects: the suppression of the Slave Trade and the Reformation of Manners”.1

Wilberforce was indeed successful in his first “great object”. After a lifetime spent educating an apathetic public, largely ignorant of the plight of African slaves, and repeated defeats in the House of Commons to pass anti-Slavery legislation, the momentous day arrived on July 26, 1833: slavery was finally abolished in the British Empire. Just three days later, Wilberforce died, his earthly battle won.

Understandably, much is written about Wilberforce’s campaign against the traffic of human beings. But perhaps even more interesting is his “Reformation of Manners”, a 19th century term for meaning “to change the moral climate of the culture”. Fueled by his love for the Lord and His Word, Wilberforce was instrumental in bringing great societal change to the British Empire, including aiding the poor, taking the gospel to India, and establishing the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals.

What few people know, however, is that William Wilberforce’s faith inspired a great love for God’s chosen people. He believed in the biblical mandate to take the gospel to all the world, to the Jew first and also to the Greek, and he believed that God would one day bring the Jewish people back into their homeland. Wilberforce biographer Rev. Dr. Clifford Hill says, “[Wilberforce] longed to see the gospel going out throughout the world, and he believed that it was in God’s purposes that the Jewish people have a home back in Israel”.

In 1809, a Jewish believer in Jesus named Joseph Frey established the London Jews’ Society. Its first vice-president was none other than Wilberforce.

Wilberforce’s Great Change also manifested itself in a very practical and conscientious way.
Dr. Paul Wilkinson says that Wilberforce and the other early members of this organization were united by their belief in the authority of Scripture. “They had the same understanding of the Word of God,” he says. “They believed in the inspiration of the Scriptures. They believed in the literal fulfillment of prophecy. And within that, the imminent return of the Lord Jesus Christ and the restoration of the Jews to the land.”2

In 1813, the London Jews’ Society laid the foundation stone for “Palestine Place”, a campus composed of a ministry training college, boys’ and girls’ schools, and a church, where the service was conducted in both English and Hebrew, the first place of worship in England specifically for Jewish believers.3 Wilberforce attended the foundation-laying ceremony, an event that drew more than 20,000 spectators, and spoke at the reception that followed.4

It would be easy to think that a busy politician, such as Wilberforce, concerned as he was with the affairs of the British government, would be merely a figurehead of such an organization, dedicated to sharing biblical truth and raising awareness about the plight of the Jewish people. After all, he was already waging an all-out war on the British Slave Trade at the time—an arduous and unpopular cause in itself. But that was not how Wilberforce operated. Once he committed himself to a cause, he was one of its hardest workers and greatest champions.

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Kevin Belmonte, in his work William Wilberforce: A Hero for Humanity, writes about the Christian statesman’s biblically-rooted work ethic: “Wilberforce’s Great Change also manifested itself in a very practical and conscientious way. He took greater care to be present for every debate in the Commons. He agreed to serve on countless committees, always a thankless task. His regularity in the House and service on its committees was all the more unique in an age when the chamber was seldom filled. He was there unless sick or obliged to be more than twenty miles from London”.5

This ethic translated to much involvement with the London Jews’ Society. It required him to be intimately acquainted with the workings of the organization, as he presided over, attended, and spoke at at least eight of the Society’s annual meetings.6

In the history of the organization, the authors write of Wilberforce, “He was one of the most loving and prominent personages of his day. It speaks volumes for the character of the Society’s work that it could command from such a man, affection patronage, time, and advocacy, all of which he ungrudgingly bestowed upon it from its foundation.”7

William Wilberforce died in 1833, at the age of 74. His passing was mourned, not only by his own nation, but by those of nations around the world. He was a man whose relationship with Jesus Christ was no private matter. On the contrary, it was a faith that compelled him to advocate for the rights of African slaves, to take the gospel to the ends of the earth, and to be a friend of Israel.

Today, in Westminster Abbey, among the memorials to famed men and women of British history, there stands a statue of a bent-over, elderly Wilberforce, whose features would not endear him to anyone. But engraved on this stone is a fitting tribute to the all-but-forgotten Christian Zionist:

To the memory of William Wilberforce:
…In an age and country fertile in great and good men,
He was among the foremost of those who fixed the character of their times
Because to high and various talents
To warm benevolence, and to universal candour,
He added the abiding eloquence of a Christian life.
…He died not unnoticed or forgotten by his country:
The Peers and Commons of England,
With the Lord Chancellor, and the Speaker, at their head,
Carried him to his fitting place among the mighty dead around,
Here to repose: till, through the merits of Jesus Christ,
His only Redeemer and Saviour,
(Whom, in his life and in his writings he had desired to glorify,)
He shall rise in the resurrection of the just.
8

 

ENDNOTES

1 Curtis, Ken. “William Wilberforce.” Christianity.com 2007,christianity.com/church/church-history/timeline/1801-1900/william-wilberforce-11630357.html.
2 Ibid.
3 Ibid.
4 Gidney, William Thomas. The History of the London Society for Promoting Christianity amongst the Jews, from 1809 to 1908, 1908, p. 41.
5 Belmonte, Kevin. William Wilberforce: A Hero for Humanity. Zondervan, 2007. p. 91
6 Gidney, William Thomas. The History of the London Society for Promoting Christianity amongst the Jews, from 1809 to 1908, 1908. p. 147.
7 Ibid.
8 Metaxas, Eric. Amazing Grace: William Wilberforce and the Heroic Campaign to End Slavery. Harper One, 2007. p. 278.

 

~If you missed part one of this blog,  you can read it here
 

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William Wilberforce : The Slave’s Hero, Israel’s Friend: Part One

I first heard the name William Wilberforce when I was a sophomore in high school. Knowing of my interest in politics and history, a friend gave me a copy of a short biography of the man with the funny name. I stayed up into the early morning hours, unable to put the book down, finding within its pages an earthly hero.

William Wilberforce was born into a prosperous English family in 1759. While living with his aunt and uncle, as a young boy, Wilberforce came under the ministry and influence of their friend, the ex-slave ship captain, John Newton, author of the celebrated hymn Amazing Grace.

While the young boy made a profession of faith in the Lord Jesus Christ during this time, his mother soon rushed her son back home to rescue him from the influence of the dreaded evangelicals. His walk with the Lord was soon snuffed out by the worldliness of Hull’s high society.

Years later, while serving as a young and wealthy member of the English parliament, Wilberforce began, again, to consider the spiritual truths he had been exposed to as a child.

What Wilberforce termed “the Great Change” had taken place within his heart and mind. Newton’s prayer was answered.
As his carriage bounced its way across the European countryside during a parliamentary recess, Wilberforce found himself engaged in intense conversation with his friend and traveling partner, the intellectual Isaac Milner, who was himself an evangelical Christian.

The duo spent much of their time together reading Philip Doddridge’s work, The Rise and Progress of Religion in the Soul, and discussing the veracity of the Christian faith. When Wilberforce returned home to England, he was not yet a genuine believer; but he could not deny that something within his heart and mind was changing.

“What madness is the course I am pursuing,” he wrote. “I believe all the great truths of the Christian religion, but I am not acting as though I did. Should I die in this state I must go into a place of misery.”

Over a period of time, Wilberforce continued to wrestle with the idea of becoming a believer. What would it mean for his way of life? What of his career in Parliament?

It was this latter question that led him to the door of his old preacher-friend, John Newton. It was, Wilberforce thought, contradictory to be a follower of Christ, yet remain active in the worldly realm of politics. He was surprised, then, when Newton told him the exact opposite—that to stay in Parliament, to be a voice for truth in the spiritual vacuum of the political arena, was an excellent mission field.

A few months later, Newton wrote to his poet-friend William Cowper of Wilberforce, “I judge he is now decided on the right track…I hope the Lord will make him a blessing both as a Christian and a statesman. How seldom do these characters coincide!! But they are not incompatible.”

What Wilberforce termed “the Great Change” had taken place within his heart and mind. Newton’s prayer was answered.

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Soon after his meeting with Newton, Wilberforce wrote in his journal, “God Almighty has placed before me two great objects: the suppression of the Slave Trade and the Reformation of Manners”.

Wilberforce was indeed successful in his first “great object”. After a lifetime spent educating an apathetic public, largely ignorant of the plight of African slaves, and repeated defeats in the House of Commons to pass anti-Slavery legislation, the momentous day arrived on July 26, 1833: slavery was finally abolished in the British Empire. Just three days later, Wilberforce died, his earthly battle won.

1Metaxas, Eric. Amazing Grace: William Wilberforce and the Heroic Campaign to End Slavery. Harper One, 2007. p.53.
2Ibid.

Click Here for Part Two of this blog.

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